Administration through confidants and personal governors of the adopted political family instead of a professional bureaucratic administrationĥ.6.1. Suppressing the control functions of other institutions of public authorityĥ.6. The lexes-custom tailored legislationĥ.5.5. Government: not there to take decisions, but to manage decisions taken by the political familyĥ.5.4. Hostile takeover of the institutions of public authorityĥ.5.3. Constitutional coup d’état-the institutionalization of autocracyĥ.5.2. “Law of rule” in place of the “rule of law”ĥ.5.1. Delineation of the mafia state’s ruling elite from other historical analogiesĥ.5. Polipburo, in place of the former communist politburoĥ.4.1. The political family’s expropriation of databases ensuring democratic controlĥ.4. The family security guard and the secret servicesĥ.3. The business ventures of the poligarchs, the inner circle oligarchs, and their stoogesĥ.2.5. The head of the political family and the family VIP boxĥ.2.3.2. The Orbán–Simicska conflict: the first mafia war within the organized upperworldĥ.2.3.1. Major entrepreneurs versus oligarchsĥ.2.2.3. Key players of the mafia state: the ruling elite and its accessoriesĥ.2.2.1. Concentration of power and accumulation of wealthĥ.2. Specific features of the mafia state: a subtype of autocratic regimesĥ.1. The expansion of the entitlements of the patriarchal head of the family: mafia, mafia stateĥ. Definition of the post-communist mafia stateĤ.3. Proclamation of the Hungarian “illiberal state”Ĥ. The limited validity of historical analogiesģ.4. Moving on to substantive concepts of descriptionģ.3. Trapped in an interpretation along the democracy-dictatorship axisģ.2. Approaches of interpretation: from the functional disorders of democracy to a critique of the systemģ.1. Pre-2010 political cold war, and the erosion of the institutional, two-thirds constraintģ. Socialist erosion, liberal vaporization and Fidesz’s accomplishment of social embeddednessĢ.8. From the close college fraternity to the adopted political family, an alternative rebel turned GodfatherĢ.7.2. Frailty of the institutions guaranteeing the system of checks and balancesĢ.7.1. Inefficacy in government, the incompatible attitudes of the two coalition partiesĢ.6. The shoddiness of freedom and hopelessness of the dispossessedĢ.5.4. Distributive politics and its exhaustionĢ.5.3. Lack in symbolic, community-building politicsĢ.5.2. The responsibility borne by the coalition government of the socialists and liberalsĢ.5.1. The actors and the instability of the new ownership structureĢ.5. Spaces of rational public discourse in demiseĢ.4. The political right and left: Two competing anachronismsĢ.3. The value system of the Hungarian societyĢ.2. The disintegration of the Third Hungarian Republic in 2010Ģ.1. See also Twenty-five Sides of a Post-Communist Mafia StateĢ. The innovative conceptual framework of the book is important and timely not only for Hungary, but also for other post-communist countries subjected to autocratic rules. While the traditional mafia channeled wealth and economic players into its spheres of influence by means of direct coercion, the mafia state does the same by means of parliamentary legislation, legal prosecution, tax authority, police forces and secret service. The actions of the post-communist mafia state model are closely aligned with the interests of power and wealth concentrated in the hands of a small group of insiders. In a new approach the author characterizes the system as the ‘organized over-world’, the ‘state employing mafia methods’ and the ’adopted political family', applying these categories not as metaphors but elements of a coherent conceptual framework. Just like the party, the state itself was placed under the control of a single individual, who since then has applied the techniques used within his party to enforce submission and obedience onto society as a whole. Having won a two-third majority in Parliament at the 2010 elections, the Hungarian political party Fidesz removed many of the institutional obstacles of exerting power.
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